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Artificial Joints: An Informational Overview
Introduction
Artificial joints are medical implants designed to replace damaged or worn natural joints in the human body. They help restore mobility, reduce pain, and improve quality of life for individuals affected by joint diseases or injuries. Artificial joints are most commonly used in surgical procedures involving the hip, knee, shoulder, and other major joints.
What Artificial Joints Are
Artificial joints, also known as joint prostheses, are manufactured components that mimic the function of natural joints. These implants are made from materials such as metal alloys, ceramics, and medical-grade polymers that are compatible with the body and able to withstand movement and weight-bearing stress. The design of each joint is specific to its anatomical location and intended motion.
Purpose of Joint Replacement
Joint replacement surgery is recommended when natural joints become severely damaged due to conditions like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, trauma, or degenerative changes. When pain, stiffness, and loss of function significantly impact daily activities, an artificial joint can help restore smooth movement and alleviate chronic discomfort.
Types of Artificial Joints
Different types of artificial joints are used depending on the affected area of the body:
Hip prostheses replace the ball-and-socket joint of the hip.
Knee prostheses replace the joint surfaces of the knee.
Shoulder implants support the ball-and-socket motion of the shoulder.
Other joint replacements include those for the ankle, elbow, and finger joints.
Each implant is designed to replicate the natural range of motion and mechanical function of the joint it replaces.